Telomere length itself is not a passive feature but a regulatory variable that influences recombination frequency and gene expression variability near chromosomal ends (Brion et al., 2019). Fluctuations in telomere maintenance proteins such as Est2p and Cdc13p affect local chromatin states and may indirectly modulate ERG11 activity. Across populations, differential telomere lengths translate into divergent transcriptional profiles and mutation rates, producing microevolutionary niches within clonal lineages. Through this mechanism, Candida albicans leverages nuclear geometry to generate intra-species heterogeneity—a pre-adaptive scaffold that allows rapid response to fluctuating antifungal landscapes.

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